Quarterly Alternatives Update: 4Q 2024
Meera Pandit, Global Market Strategist, previews the latest Guide to Alternatives and discusses what potential policy impacts on inflation, regulatory shifts and geopolitical changes could mean for assets such as real estate and hedge funds.
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Hi I'm Meera Pandit, Global Market Strategist here at
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J.P. Morgan Asset Management
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and I'm excited to walk you through the themes from the 24th
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quarterly edition of the
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Guide to Alternatives, which we launched back in 2019.
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Our goal with this guide is to provide a comprehensive
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overview of the alternative investment landscape,
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with a deep dive on specific sectors.
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Before looking at specific sectors,
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let's get started with three basic questions.
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First, why should investors consider adding alternatives
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to a portfolio?
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Second, which alternative asset classes can solve
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for the investment outcomes you're targeting?
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And third, who is best positioned
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to deliver alternative investing strategies?
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Onto our first question, “Why alternatives?”
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Many investors have an allocation
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to alternatives, but others have neglected them
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altogether in favor of a traditional 60/40 portfolio.
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While the 60/40 has provided some strong returns for decades
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future performance may be challenged by higher valuations,
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less effective diversification,
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and diminishing portfolio yields.
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The first three pages of our guide address each
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of these challenges.
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On this slide, we illustrate elevated valuations
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by looking at a concept
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that we call the earnings/coupon yield of a 60/40 portfolio.
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This is constructed by adding the forward earnings
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yield on the S&P 500, multiplied by 60%
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to the yield-to-worst on the Bloomberg U.S.
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Aggregate Bond Index, multiplied by 40%.
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The chart on the left shows the 60/40 portfolio has become
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progressively more expensive over time, and on the right,
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higher starting valuations point to lower long-term returns.
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Turning to the next slide, we address the idea
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that when stocks zig, bonds are supposed to zag,
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providing diversification to portfolios.
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This negative correlation worked well from 2000
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to roughly 2021,
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when growth, not inflation, was the prevailing concern.
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However, it's important to note that in the 1970s,
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80s and 90s, when inflation uncertainty was elevated,
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stocks and bonds generally moved in the same direction.
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This has also been the case in recent years, as sharp swings
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in inflation have first hurt, then helped both stocks
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and bonds.
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In short,
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while bonds may be a great diversifier for growth stocks,
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they are less effective in diversifying
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against inflation shocks.
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On the issue of income
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this slide shows the combined
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dividend and coupon yields from a 60/40 portfolio,
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both in nominal terms and subtracting out inflation.
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As stocks and bonds have appreciated over the years,
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dividend and coupon yields have fallen, making it difficult
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for investors to generate income from a 60/40 portfolio
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without resorting to selling principal.
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Alternative investments can address each of these issues.
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However, the alternative asset you should employ
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depends on the portfolio outcome you're trying to solve for.
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This slide highlights the different roles alternatives
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can play in a portfolio.
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If your goal is income,
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you might want to consider private credit,
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real assets, like infrastructure; for total return
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you could look at private equity and venture capital.
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Finally, if you're aiming to diversity your portfolio,
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Finally, if you're aiming to diversity your portfolio,
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transportation and real estate are generally uncorrelated with
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a traditional 60/40 portfolio.
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The next slide highlights the importance
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of selecting the best managers in the alternative space.
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This chart shows a relatively narrow
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degree of dispersion
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among managers in publicly traded
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global equities and fixed income.
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However, it shows a yawning performance gap
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over the past decade between the 25th percentile
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and the 75th percentile
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managers in areas
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such as non-core real estate, private equity and hedge funds.
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Now, let's focus on some of the trends
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we're seeing in alternatives.
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One massive change afoot is the new administration
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and potential policy changes that it may bring.
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These policy changes
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could in turn impact monetary policy as well.
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If policy proves to be inflationary,
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the Fed could leave
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the federal funds rate at a higher neutral level.
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In the next few slides
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we consider some of the possible impacts
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to different alternative asset classes.
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On the next slide, we look at real estate vacancy rates
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and net operating income growth by property type.
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Most commercial real estate is on solid ground
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except for office.
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If the new administration's policies
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support continued economic growth
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and have any stimulative effects,
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this could support net operating income growth.
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However, a higher neutral policy rate could continue
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to put pressure
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on commercial real estate mortgages,
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particularly in the office sector, that have been
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reliant on amend and extend activity.
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Thinking about infrastructure,
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renewable energy could face headwinds as well.
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A full repeal of the Inflation Reduction Act
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may not come to fruition, but renewable subsidies are at risk.
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This slide shows that nearly two thirds
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of additional electricity generating
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capacity will come from solar in the second half of 2024.
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That share could shift depending on the fate of subsidies.
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EV tax credits are also at risk, which could make those
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lofty forecasts for ChargePoint growth unrealistic.
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The president elect has proposed meaningful tariffs
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which could reshape global trade.
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Global geopolitical disruptions we've seen over
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the last two years have not necessarily hurt
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transport assets,
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as they have often benefited from longer shipping routes.
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However, a protracted trade war could
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lower global trade volumes, as we saw in 2019,
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which could negatively impact transport.
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Another major agenda item
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on the slate of proposed policies is deregulation.
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The regulatory environment shifted
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after the financial crisis.
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Sources of financing for loans tilted
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heavily towards non-bank lenders and has in part
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supported the rapid growth of private credit.
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Financial deregulation could balance
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the sources of lending to a greater extent.
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On private equity,
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the space has been challenged
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by a lack of exit opportunities as we show on the right chart.
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Less political uncertainty,
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deregulation and the possibility of an additional corporate
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tax cut could revive a tepid IPO and M&A activity
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to broaden the avenues for exits in addition to secondaries.
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High rates could cap an exit spike that we saw
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coming out of the pandemic, but a modest rebound is possible.
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Finally, hedge funds tend to be an effective diversifier
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against volatility.
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FX and interest rate volatility could persist if fronted
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with tariffs and policies perceived to be inflationary.
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This could benefit macro hedge fund performance,
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which has historically tracked volatility.
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In addition, a high-for-longer monetary policy
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environment could potentially benefit hedge fund returns
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as we saw in prior periods of higher policy rates.
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Both fiscal and monetary policy could have significant impacts
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on alternatives over the next few years,
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and in some instances could have opposing effects.
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Nonetheless, as the policy landscape shifts,
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what does not change is investors desired portfolio
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outcomes of Alpha, income and diversification
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which alternatives can help with.
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Our Guide to Alternatives can illustrate the why,
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the which and the who of alternatives
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and highlight evolving themes in the asset class.
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Thank you for listening.
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If you have any questions or would like to learn more
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about our Guide
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to Alternatives, visit our website at jpmorgan.com/gta.
Portfolio Discussions
Use three Guide to Alternatives slides to support client conversations on the opportunities across alternatives, direct real estate, private equity, and infrastructure.