This is a heatmap of headline inflation in major economies in developed markets, emerging markets and Asia. The color code shows the level of each economy's inflation relative to the past 10 years. Red indicates above trend and green for below trend. A surge in headline inflation could be driven by a number of factors, such as high food or energy prices, or stronger underlying demand. Central banks need to identify these factors and apply the appropriate policy to maintain price stability and be in line with their explicit inflation targets.